sing-box/docs/configuration/inbound/tun.md

icon
material/alert-decagram

!!! quote "Changes in sing-box 1.12.0"

:material-plus: [fib_index](#fib_index)

!!! quote "Changes in sing-box 1.11.0"

:material-delete-alert: [gso](#gso)  
:material-alert-decagram: [route_address_set](#stack)  
:material-alert-decagram: [route_exclude_address_set](#stack)

!!! quote "Changes in sing-box 1.10.0"

:material-plus: [address](#address)  
:material-delete-clock: [inet4_address](#inet4_address)  
:material-delete-clock: [inet6_address](#inet6_address)  
:material-plus: [route_address](#route_address)  
:material-delete-clock: [inet4_route_address](#inet4_route_address)  
:material-delete-clock: [inet6_route_address](#inet6_route_address)  
:material-plus: [route_exclude_address](#route_address)  
:material-delete-clock: [inet4_route_exclude_address](#inet4_route_exclude_address)  
:material-delete-clock: [inet6_route_exclude_address](#inet6_route_exclude_address)  
:material-plus: [iproute2_table_index](#iproute2_table_index)  
:material-plus: [iproute2_rule_index](#iproute2_table_index)  
:material-plus: [auto_redirect](#auto_redirect)  
:material-plus: [auto_redirect_input_mark](#auto_redirect_input_mark)  
:material-plus: [auto_redirect_output_mark](#auto_redirect_output_mark)  
:material-plus: [route_address_set](#route_address_set)  
:material-plus: [route_exclude_address_set](#route_address_set)

!!! quote "Changes in sing-box 1.9.0"

:material-plus: [platform.http_proxy.bypass_domain](#platformhttp_proxybypass_domain)  
:material-plus: [platform.http_proxy.match_domain](#platformhttp_proxymatch_domain)  

!!! quote "Changes in sing-box 1.8.0"

:material-plus: [gso](#gso)  
:material-alert-decagram: [stack](#stack)

!!! quote ""

Only supported on Linux, Windows, macOS and FreeBSD.

Structure

{
  "type": "tun",
  "tag": "tun-in",
  "interface_name": "tun0",
  "address": [
    "172.18.0.1/30",
    "fdfe:dcba:9876::1/126"
  ],
  "mtu": 9000,
  "auto_route": true,
  "iproute2_table_index": 2022,
  "iproute2_rule_index": 9000,
  "fib_index": 2022,
  "auto_redirect": false,
  "auto_redirect_input_mark": "0x2023",
  "auto_redirect_output_mark": "0x2024",
  "strict_route": true,
  "route_address": [
    "0.0.0.0/1",
    "128.0.0.0/1",
    "::/1",
    "8000::/1"
  ],
  
  "route_exclude_address": [
    "192.168.0.0/16",
    "fc00::/7"
  ],
  "route_address_set": [
    "geoip-cloudflare"
  ],
  "route_exclude_address_set": [
    "geoip-cn"
  ],
  "endpoint_independent_nat": false,
  "udp_timeout": "5m",
  "stack": "system",
  "include_interface": [
    "lan0"
  ],
  "exclude_interface": [
    "lan1"
  ],
  "include_uid": [
    0
  ],
  "include_uid_range": [
    "1000:99999"
  ],
  "exclude_uid": [
    1000
  ],
  "exclude_uid_range": [
    "1000:99999"
  ],
  "include_android_user": [
    0,
    10
  ],
  "include_package": [
    "com.android.chrome"
  ],
  "exclude_package": [
    "com.android.captiveportallogin"
  ],
  "platform": {
    "http_proxy": {
      "enabled": false,
      "server": "127.0.0.1",
      "server_port": 8080,
      "bypass_domain": [],
      "match_domain": []
    }
  },

  // Deprecated
  "gso": false,
  "inet4_address": [
    "172.19.0.1/30"
  ],
  "inet6_address": [
    "fdfe:dcba:9876::1/126"
  ],
  "inet4_route_address": [
    "0.0.0.0/1",
    "128.0.0.0/1"
  ],
  "inet6_route_address": [
    "::/1",
    "8000::/1"
  ],
  "inet4_route_exclude_address": [
    "192.168.0.0/16"
  ],
  "inet6_route_exclude_address": [
    "fc00::/7"
  ],
  
  ... // Listen Fields
}

!!! note ""

You can ignore the JSON Array [] tag when the content is only one item

!!! warning ""

If tun is running in non-privileged mode, addresses and MTU will not be configured automatically, please make sure the settings are accurate.

Fields

interface_name

Virtual device name, automatically selected if empty.

address

!!! question "Since sing-box 1.10.0"

IPv4 and IPv6 prefix for the tun interface.

inet4_address

!!! failure "Deprecated in sing-box 1.10.0"

`inet4_address` is merged to `address` and will be removed in sing-box 1.12.0.

IPv4 prefix for the tun interface.

inet6_address

!!! failure "Deprecated in sing-box 1.10.0"

`inet6_address` is merged to `address` and will be removed in sing-box 1.12.0.

IPv6 prefix for the tun interface.

mtu

The maximum transmission unit.

gso

!!! failure "Deprecated in sing-box 1.11.0"

GSO has no advantages for transparent proxy scenarios, is deprecated and no longer works, and will be removed in sing-box 1.12.0.

!!! question "Since sing-box 1.8.0"

!!! quote ""

Only supported on Linux with `auto_route` enabled.

Enable generic segmentation offload.

auto_route

Set the default route to the Tun.

!!! quote ""

To avoid traffic loopback, set `route.auto_detect_interface` or `route.default_interface` or `outbound.bind_interface`

!!! note "Use with Android VPN"

By default, VPN takes precedence over tun. To make tun go through VPN, enable `route.override_android_vpn`.

!!! note "Also enable auto_redirect"

`auto_redirect` is always recommended on Linux, it provides better routing, higher performance (better than tproxy), and avoids conflicts between TUN and Docker bridge networks.

iproute2_table_index

!!! question "Since sing-box 1.10.0"

Linux iproute2 table index generated by auto_route.

2022 is used by default.

iproute2_rule_index

!!! question "Since sing-box 1.10.0"

Linux iproute2 rule start index generated by auto_route.

9000 is used by default.

fib_index

!!! question "Since sing-box 1.12.0"

FreeBSD fib index generated by auto_route.

2022 is used by default.

auto_redirect

!!! question "Since sing-box 1.10.0"

!!! quote ""

Only supported on Linux with `auto_route` enabled.

Improve TUN routing and performance using nftables.

auto_redirect is always recommended on Linux, it provides better routing, higher performance (better than tproxy), and avoids conflicts between TUN and Docker bridge networks.

Note that auto_redirect also works on Android, but due to the lack of nftables and ip6tables, only simple IPv4 TCP forwarding is performed. To share your VPN connection over hotspot or repeater on Android, use VPNHotspot.

auto_redirect also automatically inserts compatibility rules into the OpenWrt fw4 table, i.e. it will work on routers without any extra configuration.

Conflict with route.default_mark and [dialOptions].routing_mark.

auto_redirect_input_mark

!!! question "Since sing-box 1.10.0"

Connection input mark used by auto_redirect.

0x2023 is used by default.

auto_redirect_output_mark

!!! question "Since sing-box 1.10.0"

Connection output mark used by auto_redirect.

0x2024 is used by default.

strict_route

Enforce strict routing rules when auto_route is enabled:

In Linux:

• Let unsupported network unreachable
• For legacy reasons, when neither strict_route nor auto_redirect are enabled, all ICMP traffic will not go through TUN.

In Windows:

• Let unsupported network unreachable
• prevent DNS leak caused by Windows' ordinary multihomed DNS resolution behavior

It may prevent some Windows applications (such as VirtualBox) from working properly in certain situations.

route_address

!!! question "Since sing-box 1.10.0"

Use custom routes instead of default when auto_route is enabled.

inet4_route_address

!!! failure "Deprecated in sing-box 1.10.0"

inet4_route_address is deprecated and will be removed in sing-box 1.12.0, please use route_address instead.

Use custom routes instead of default when auto_route is enabled.

inet6_route_address

!!! failure "Deprecated in sing-box 1.10.0"

inet6_route_address is deprecated and will be removed in sing-box 1.12.0, please use route_address instead.

Use custom routes instead of default when auto_route is enabled.

route_exclude_address

!!! question "Since sing-box 1.10.0"

Exclude custom routes when auto_route is enabled.

inet4_route_exclude_address

!!! failure "Deprecated in sing-box 1.10.0"

inet4_route_exclude_address is deprecated and will be removed in sing-box 1.12.0, please use route_exclude_address instead.

Exclude custom routes when auto_route is enabled.

inet6_route_exclude_address

!!! failure "Deprecated in sing-box 1.10.0"

inet6_route_exclude_address is deprecated and will be removed in sing-box 1.12.0, please use route_exclude_address instead.

Exclude custom routes when auto_route is enabled.

route_address_set

=== "With auto_redirect enabled"

!!! question "Since sing-box 1.10.0"

!!! quote ""

    Only supported on Linux with nftables and requires `auto_route` and `auto_redirect` enabled.

Add the destination IP CIDR rules in the specified rule-sets to the firewall.
Unmatched traffic will bypass the sing-box routes.

Conflict with `route.default_mark` and `[dialOptions].routing_mark`.

=== "Without auto_redirect enabled"

!!! question "Since sing-box 1.11.0"

Add the destination IP CIDR rules in the specified rule-sets to routes, equivalent to adding to `route_address`.
Unmatched traffic will bypass the sing-box routes.

Note that it **doesn't work on the Android graphical client** due to
the Android VpnService not being able to handle a large number of routes (DeadSystemException),
but otherwise it works fine on all command line clients and Apple platforms.

route_exclude_address_set

=== "With auto_redirect enabled"

!!! question "Since sing-box 1.10.0"

!!! quote ""

Only supported on Linux with nftables and requires `auto_route` and `auto_redirect` enabled.

Add the destination IP CIDR rules in the specified rule-sets to the firewall.
Matched traffic will bypass the sing-box routes.

=== "Without auto_redirect enabled"

!!! question "Since sing-box 1.11.0"

Add the destination IP CIDR rules in the specified rule-sets to routes, equivalent to adding to `route_exclude_address`.
Matched traffic will bypass the sing-box routes.

Note that it **doesn't work on the Android graphical client** due to
the Android VpnService not being able to handle a large number of routes (DeadSystemException),
but otherwise it works fine on all command line clients and Apple platforms.

endpoint_independent_nat

!!! info ""

This item is only available on the gvisor stack, other stacks are endpoint-independent NAT by default.

Enable endpoint-independent NAT.

Performance may degrade slightly, so it is not recommended to enable on when it is not needed.

udp_timeout

UDP NAT expiration time.

5m will be used by default.

stack

!!! quote "Changes in sing-box 1.8.0"

:material-delete-alert: The legacy LWIP stack has been deprecated and removed.

TCP/IP stack.

Stack	Description
system	Perform L3 to L4 translation using the system network stack
gvisor	Perform L3 to L4 translation using gVisor's virtual network stack
mixed	Mixed system TCP stack and gvisor UDP stack

Defaults to the mixed stack if the gVisor build tag is enabled, otherwise defaults to the system stack.

include_interface

!!! quote ""

Interface rules are only supported on Linux and require auto_route.

Limit interfaces in route. Not limited by default.

Conflict with exclude_interface.

exclude_interface

!!! warning ""

When `strict_route` enabled, return traffic to excluded interfaces will not be automatically excluded, so add them as well (example: `br-lan` and `pppoe-wan`).

Exclude interfaces in route.

Conflict with include_interface.

include_uid

!!! quote ""

UID rules are only supported on Linux and require auto_route.

Limit users in route. Not limited by default.

include_uid_range

Limit users in route, but in range.

exclude_uid

Exclude users in route.

exclude_uid_range

Exclude users in route, but in range.

include_android_user

!!! quote ""

Android user and package rules are only supported on Android and require auto_route.

Limit android users in route.

Common user	ID
Main	0
Work Profile	10

include_package

Limit android packages in route.

exclude_package

Exclude android packages in route.

platform

Platform-specific settings, provided by client applications.

platform.http_proxy

System HTTP proxy settings.

platform.http_proxy.enabled

Enable system HTTP proxy.

platform.http_proxy.server

==Required==

HTTP proxy server address.

platform.http_proxy.server_port

==Required==

HTTP proxy server port.

platform.http_proxy.bypass_domain

!!! note ""

On Apple platforms, `bypass_domain` items matches hostname **suffixes**.

Hostnames that bypass the HTTP proxy.

platform.http_proxy.match_domain

!!! quote ""

Only supported in graphical clients on Apple platforms.

Hostnames that use the HTTP proxy.

Listen Fields

See Listen Fields for details.